基于MEGA8單片機(jī)的無(wú)傳感器無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

基于MEGA8單片機(jī)的無(wú)傳感器無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)-De ign of Control Sy tem Ba ed on MEGA8 Single Chip Computer for Sen orle and Bru hle DC Motor

摘要針對(duì)航模用無(wú)傳感器無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)具有體積小、重量輕、效率高及可靠性好等特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)了專(zhuān)用調(diào)速控制系統(tǒng)。首先分析了無(wú)傳感器無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)的位置檢測(cè)方法、PWM 調(diào)制方式和啟動(dòng)策略等控制原理。接著以MEGA8 單片機(jī)為核心設(shè)計(jì)了硬件系統(tǒng)，對(duì)幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵控制電路給出了原理圖并進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡述。最后還給出了系統(tǒng)控制多種航模用電機(jī)的測(cè)試結(jié)果。
關(guān)鍵詞 無(wú)位置 傳感器 無(wú)刷 直流電機(jī) 控制系統(tǒng) MEGA8

無(wú)刷直流電機(jī)BLDCM（brushless DC motor）因具有快速、可控、高效率、高可靠性和體積小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于航模領(lǐng)域。由于航模領(lǐng)域的特殊性，對(duì)于電機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)也提出了一些特殊的要求，其中最重要的就是要求控制系統(tǒng)的體積小，質(zhì)量輕。在航模設(shè)計(jì)中由于電機(jī)功率的限制，對(duì)于模型整體的重量有一定的限制，而對(duì)于控制器的重量更是以克來(lái)計(jì)量。這就要求設(shè)計(jì)者在設(shè)計(jì)控制電路時(shí)必須使用較少的元器件和較簡(jiǎn)單的電路。
Abstract Sensorless and brushless DC motor used for model aircraft features small size，weightless，efficient and credible. A dedicated speed-adjustment control
system of the motor is designed and developed. The position detecting method for sensorless and brushless DC motor，PWM scheme，and startup strategy are analyzed
in this paper. The hardware system is developed with MEGA8 single chip computer as the kernel. The schematics of critical control circuits are given and
described in detail. The test results of controlling various model aircraft are illustrated.
Keywords Senseorless Brushless DC moto（r BLDCM） Control system MEGA8