離網(wǎng)電力電子解決方案，太陽(yáng)能供電的應(yīng)用

　　離網(wǎng)電力電子解決方案，太陽(yáng)能供電的應(yīng)用

　　隨著安裝光伏太陽(yáng)能的成本急劇下降，該技術(shù)正日益成為支持非并網(wǎng)應(yīng)用的現(xiàn)實(shí)解決方案。國(guó)家可再生能源實(shí)驗(yàn)室（NREL）計(jì)算太陽(yáng)能系統(tǒng)的安裝成本在2010到略高于7美元/瓦，與Solarbuzz顯示系統(tǒng)定價(jià)15.50美元每千瓦小時(shí)趨勢(shì)。這是整個(gè)系統(tǒng)，包括太陽(yáng)能電池，儲(chǔ)能裝置，以及充電器和逆變器的電力電子。

　　從便攜式、公路建筑標(biāo)志和閃光指示器到遠(yuǎn)程抽水站和通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)，非并網(wǎng)應(yīng)用的機(jī)會(huì)似乎無(wú)窮無(wú)盡。價(jià)格的下降繼續(xù)降低了進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)的重大障礙，使得曾經(jīng)嚴(yán)重成本高昂的項(xiàng)目成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。

　　我們將專注于電力電子系統(tǒng)和一些關(guān)鍵的機(jī)會(huì)和權(quán)衡時(shí)，要記住設(shè)計(jì)非并網(wǎng)太陽(yáng)能系統(tǒng)。與解決大多數(shù)系統(tǒng)級(jí)問(wèn)題一樣，從最終應(yīng)用程序需求開(kāi)始，向后工作以識(shí)別、定義和調(diào)整整個(gè)系統(tǒng)通常是最容易的。

　　The load

　　The load could be virtually anything， but an off-grid application is off-grid for a reason. The application may need to be portable， as is the case with construction information signs or simple hazard flashers. Given their portability， it is clearly not feasible to run a grid connection for each. Or perhaps the application is in a remote location， such as may be the case with a cellular communication tower or a remote pumping station.

　　Let us start by identifying some of the key items to consider when developing an off-grid， solar-powered solution. Figure 1 provides a high-level system block diagram. Using an energy-balance approach， the key is to understand the load， including its type and behavior over time.