傳感器在活火山監(jiān)測(cè)中起關(guān)鍵作用

　　傳感器在活火山監(jiān)測(cè)中起關(guān)鍵作用

　　火山和火山活動(dòng)使我們著迷。隨著更大的規(guī)律性，傳感器被用于收集和分析數(shù)據(jù)，以便準(zhǔn)確的火山活動(dòng)預(yù)測(cè)可以創(chuàng)建。考慮，例如，最近的一些新聞標(biāo)題：“美國(guó)宇航局阿姆斯壯帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊(duì)測(cè)試火山灰對(duì)飛機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的作用，”和“海底傳感器記錄可能噴發(fā)的海底火山，”以及“與無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)測(cè)火山噴發(fā)?！皞鞲衅髯銐蚰芨傻?，可靠的，準(zhǔn)確的，基于通過(guò)傳感器融合強(qiáng)大到足以應(yīng)對(duì)這些海量數(shù)據(jù)提供的數(shù)據(jù)。

　　據(jù)估計(jì)，世界上大約有1500個(gè)潛在的活火山，它們能夠造成大量的破壞，即使它可能不明顯。根據(jù)美國(guó)地質(zhì)調(diào)查局（USGS）的數(shù)據(jù)，在過(guò)去的15年里，有超過(guò)80架商用飛機(jī)在機(jī)場(chǎng)和機(jī)場(chǎng)遇到火山灰。七的這些遭遇造成噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)功率的飛行損失，幾乎導(dǎo)致崩潰。

　　To further investigate the causes behind these incidents， since 2011 NASA has partnered with the 412th Air Force Test Wing， the Air Force Research Laboratory， the Federal Aviation Administration （FAA）， Boeing Research & Technology， Pratt and Whitney， General Electric Aviation， and Rolls-Royce Liberty Works to test and evaluate new engine health-management technologies through the implementation of the Vehicle Integrated Propulsion Research （VIPR） project.

　　Sensors are now being used to test the amount of volcanic ash that aircraft can handle. With the use of a C-17 and two F117 engines provided by the Air Force Research Laboratory， the current stage of testing will introduce increased amounts of Mount Mazama volcanic ash into one of the engines to assess how the health monitoring sensors and their associated software can detect and report a problem. According to a principle investigator of the VIPR project working on the challenge， “We’re looking at technologies that will be able to identify aircraft entry faults at the beginning stages and we want to be able to identify and diagnose them， and also how they will change over time，” said John Lekki of NASA’s Glenn Research Center and a VIPR principle investigator. Lekki indicates that the investigation team will use the data from multiple sensors including vibration， emissions， and fiber-optic temperature sensors throughout the engine to identify and diagnose the issues.