SVPWM控制的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域

SVPWM控制是一種控制三相交流電機(jī)的方法，它可以實(shí)現(xiàn)高效、精確的控制。由于它具有快速響應(yīng)、低噪聲、高精度等特點(diǎn)，在工業(yè)控制、船舶、風(fēng)力發(fā)電、太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電、新能源汽車等領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。以下是一些應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域：

**1. ** 變頻空調(diào) ： SVPWM控制可以降低功率因數(shù)，提高空氣質(zhì)量，節(jié)約能源。

2. 電動(dòng)船和潛水 器： SVPWM控制可以通過(guò)改變電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速來(lái)改變船或潛水器的速度和方向。

3. 風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)： SVPWM控制可以將變頻器輸出的直流電轉(zhuǎn)換為交流電，以控制發(fā)電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速和輸出功率。

4. 太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)： SVPWM控制可以優(yōu)化光伏逆變器的輸出，最大限度地提高太陽(yáng)能電池板的能量利用效率。

5. 汽車電動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)： SVPWM控制可以提高電驅(qū)動(dòng)車輛的性能和節(jié)能效果，使其具有更好的加速性能和更長(zhǎng)的續(xù)航里程。

總之，SVPWM控制在許多工業(yè)領(lǐng)域和新興領(lǐng)域都具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景，其高效、精確的控制特性使其成為一種技術(shù)上先進(jìn)的控制方法。

下面是一份基于MATLAB的SVPWM程序代碼：

function [v1, v2, v3] = svpwm(theta, va, vb, vc)
% theta：當(dāng)前時(shí)刻的角度值
% va, vb, vc：三相電壓值


% 轉(zhuǎn)換輸入電壓為ab、bc、ca軸正向電壓值
va_b = -0.5 * va + 0.5 * sqrt(3) * vb;
va_c = -0.5 * va - 0.5 * sqrt(3) * vb;
vb_c = sqrt(3) * vc;


% 計(jì)算電壓矢量的幅值和角度
Vmax = max([va_b va_c vb_c]); % 電壓矢量的最大幅值
theta_tilda = pi/3; % 電壓/電流星型轉(zhuǎn)換因子
tau = theta_tilda - mod(theta, theta_tilda); % 計(jì)算角度離豎直線頂點(diǎn)的偏差
Vm_alpha = Vmax * sin(tau/2); % 電壓矢量在alpha軸上的投影
Vm_beta = Vmax * cos(tau/2); % 電壓矢量在beta軸上的投影
phi = acos(Vm_alpha / Vmax); % 電壓矢量與alpha軸的夾角


% 根據(jù)所處的扇區(qū)計(jì)算PWM信號(hào)
if (phi < pi/6)
    T1 = Vm_alpha / sin(phi);
    T2 = Vm_beta / sin(pi/3 - phi);
    v1 = 0.5 * (T1 + T2);
    v2 = 0.5 * (T1 - T2);
    v3 = -v1 - v2;
elseif (phi < pi/3)
    T1 = Vm_beta / sin(phi);
    T2 = Vm_alpha / sin(pi/3 - phi);
    v1 = 0.5 * (T2 - T1);
    v2 = 0.5 * (T2 + T1);
    v3 = -v1 - v2;
else
    v1 = Vmax / sqrt(3);
    v2 = Vmax / sqrt(3);
    v3 = Vmax / sqrt(3);
end

這段代碼中，theta是當(dāng)前時(shí)刻的角度值，va、vb、vc是三相電壓值。首先通過(guò)對(duì)輸入電壓的正向投影獲得各軸正向電壓值，然后計(jì)算電壓矢量的幅值和角度，根據(jù)所處的扇區(qū)計(jì)算PWM信號(hào)，并最終得到輸出的電壓值v1、v2和v3。需要注意的是，在扇區(qū)一和二中，存在一個(gè)機(jī)電轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)角度（受跨越VRT變化的影響），需要在程序中進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。

以下是一份基于TMS320F28035的SVPWM程序代碼：

//--------------------------------- Include Files ---------------------------------
#include "DSP28x_Project.h"      // Device Headerfile and Examples Include File
#include 


//--------------------------------- Definitions ---------------------------------
#define  Fsw              10000          // SVPWM Switching Frequency (Hz)
#define  Vdc              24.0           // DC Bus Voltage (V)
#define  PI               3.141592       // Pi Value


//--------------------------------- Global Variables ------------------------------
float Va_REF = 0.0;
float Vb_REF = 0.0;
float Vc_REF = 0.0;
float theta_elec = 0.0;
Uint16 SVPWM_Trip = 0;


//-------------------------------- Function Prototypes -----------------------------
void SVPWM(void);
interrupt void epwm1_isr(void);


//----------------------------------- Main Routine --------------------------------
void main(void)
{
    // Initialize system variables
    InitSysCtrl();
    InitPieCtrl();


    //Enable CPU interrupts
    DINT;
    InitPieVectTable();
    EALLOW;
    PieVectTable.EPWM1_INT = &epwm1_isr; //Assign ISR address to vector
    EDIS;


    // Load PWM configuration
    InitEPwm1Gpio();            // Initialize EPWM1 GPIO pins
    EPwm1Regs.TBPRD = 1500;     // 10 kHz PWM frequency
    EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CTRMODE = TB_COUNT_UPDOWN;  // Count up-down mode
    EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.PHSEN = TB_DISABLE;         // Enable phase loading
    EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.SYNCOSEL = TB_CTR_ZERO;     // Set SYNCOUT to zero
    EPwm1Regs.TBCTR = 0x0000;   // Clear counter


    // Set CMPA register to adjust duty cycle
    EPwm1Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = 0;


    // Configure timer period
    EPwm1Regs.TBPRD = 1500;


    // Configure CMPA to generate interrupt when its value matches the counter value
    EPwm1Regs.ETSEL.bit.INTEN = 1;
    EPwm1Regs.ETSEL.bit.INTSEL = ET_CTR_ZERO; // Interrupt on Counter Zero event
    EPwm1Regs.ETPS.bit.INTPRD = ET_1ST;       // Generate an interrupt on every event
                                              // Not necessary, but added for clarity
    // Enable PWM interrupts
    IER |= M_INT3;           // Enable INT3 (EPWM1) in IER register
    PieCtrlRegs.PIEIER3.bit.INTx1 = 1;        // Enable EPWM1 INT in PIE


    // Enable global interrupts and start the timer
    EINT;
    EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CTRMODE = TB_COUNT_UPDOWN;
    EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.HSPCLKDIV = TB_DIV1;
    EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.CLKDIV = TB_DIV1;
    EPwm1Regs.TBCTL.bit.SWFSYNC = 1;


    while(1)
    {
        // Call SVPWM function to calculate duty cycles
        SVPWM();

        // Update PWM duty cycles based on reference voltages
        EPwm1Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = Va_REF*750/Vdc + 750;
        EPwm1Regs.CMPB = Vb_REF*750/Vdc + 750;
        EPwm2Regs.CMPA.half.CMPA = Vc_REF*750/Vdc + 750;
    }
}


//------------------------------- Function Definitions ------------------------------
void SVPWM(void)
{
    float sin_theta, cos_theta, sector_angle, Va_mag, Vb_mag, Vc_mag, t1, t2, t0;

    //Update mechanical angle 
    theta_elec += 2.0 * PI / (Fsw * 6); 

    //limit increment of theta between (0,0.99999)
    if(theta_elec > 2.0 * PI)
    {
        theta_elec -= 2.0 * PI;
    }


    sector_angle = floor(theta_elec * Fsw / (2.0 * PI));


    switch((Uint16)sector_angle)
    {
    case 0: //Sector1 (0 - 60 degrees)
        sin_theta = sin(theta_elec);
        cos_theta = cos(theta_elec);
        Va_mag = (Vdc/sqrt(3))*cos_theta;
        Vb_mag = (Vdc/sqrt(3))*(sin_theta*cos(30*PI/180) - cos_theta*sin(30*PI/180));
        Vc_mag = -Vb_mag - Va_mag;
        break;
    case 1: //Sector2 (60 - 120 degrees)
        sin_theta = sin(theta_elec - 2.0*PI/3.0);
        cos_theta = cos(theta_elec - 2.0*PI/3.0);
        Va_mag = (Vdc/sqrt(3))*(sin_theta*cos(30*PI/180) - cos_theta*sin(30*PI/180));
        Vb_mag = (Vdc/sqrt(3))*cos_theta;
        Vc_mag = -Vb_mag - Va_mag;
        break;
    case 2: //Sector3 (120 - 180 degrees)
        sin_theta = sin(theta_elec - 4.0*PI/3.0);
        cos_theta = cos(theta_elec - 4.0*PI/3.0);
        Va_mag = -(Vdc/sqrt(3))*cos_theta;
        Vb_mag = -(Vdc/sqrt(3))*(sin_theta*cos(30*PI/180) - cos_theta*sin(30*PI/180));
        Vc_mag = -Vb_mag - Va_mag;
        break;
    case 3: //Sector4 (180 - 240 degrees)
        sin_theta = sin(theta_elec + PI);
        cos_theta = cos(theta_elec + PI);
        Va_mag = -(Vdc/sqrt(3))*cos_theta;
        Vb_mag = (Vdc/sqrt(3))*(cos_theta*sin(30*PI/180) - sin_theta*cos(30*PI/180));
        Vc_mag = -Vb_mag - Va_mag;
        break;
    case 4: //Sector5 (240 - 300 degrees)
        sin_theta = sin(theta_elec + 4.0*PI