以太網(wǎng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)展歷史詳細(xì)表格分析
以太網(wǎng)是在70年代初期由Xerox公司PaloAlto研究中心推出的。1979年Xerox、Intel和DEC公司正式發(fā)布了DIX版本的以太網(wǎng)規(guī)范，1983年IEEE802.3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)正式發(fā)布。初期的以太網(wǎng)是基于同軸電纜的，到八十年代末期基于雙絞線(xiàn)的以太網(wǎng)完成了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作，即我們常說(shuō)的10BASE-T。
隨著市場(chǎng)的推動(dòng)，以太網(wǎng)的發(fā)展越來(lái)越迅速，應(yīng)用也越來(lái)越廣泛。下面簡(jiǎn)單列一下以太網(wǎng)的發(fā)展歷程：
70年代初，以太網(wǎng)產(chǎn)生；
1929年，DEC、Intel、Xerox成立聯(lián)盟，推出DIX以太網(wǎng)規(guī)范；
1980年，IEEE成立了802.3工作組；
1983年，第一個(gè)IEEE802.3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通過(guò)并正式發(fā)布
通過(guò)80年代的應(yīng)用，10Mb/s以太網(wǎng)基本發(fā)展成熟
1990年，基于雙絞線(xiàn)介質(zhì)的10BASE-T標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和IEEE 802.1D網(wǎng)橋標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)布
90年代，LAN交換機(jī)出現(xiàn)，逐步淘汰共享式網(wǎng)橋
1992年，出現(xiàn)了100Mb/s快速以太網(wǎng)
通過(guò)100BASE-T標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(IEEE802.3u)
全雙工以太網(wǎng)(IEEE97)
千兆以太網(wǎng)開(kāi)始迅速發(fā)展(96)
1000Mb/s千兆以太網(wǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問(wèn)世(IEEE802.3z/ab)
IEEE 802.1Q和802.1P標(biāo)準(zhǔn)出現(xiàn)(98)
10GE以太網(wǎng)工作組成立(IEEE802.3ae)
| 1 | ExperimentalEthernet | 1973 | 2.94 Mbit/s (367 kB/s) over coaxial cable (coax) bus，這是最早的實(shí)驗(yàn)以太網(wǎng)。 |
| 2 | Ethernet II(DIX v2.0) | 1982 | 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thick coax. Frames have a Type field. This frame format is used on all forms of Ethernet by protocols in the Internet protocol suite。這個(gè)時(shí)候EthernetII報(bào)文格式基本確定。DIX Ethernet, named after DEC, Intel and Xerox。EthernetII幀結(jié)構(gòu) |
| 3 | IEEE 802.3 standard | 1983 |
10BASE5 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thick coax. Same as Ethernet II (above) except Type field is replaced by Length, and an 802.2 LLC header follows the 802.3 header. Based on the CSMA/CD Process。開(kāi)始制定802.3系列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。802.3，后面不帶任何數(shù)字的，就是第一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。傳輸距離500m 采用粗同軸電纜接口的 IEEE 802.3 10Mb/s 物理層規(guī)格 (參見(jiàn) IEEE 802.3 Clause 8.)。 |
| 4 | 802.3a | 1985 |
10BASE2 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thin Coax (a.k.a. thinnet or cheapernet)。傳輸距離185米 采用細(xì)同軸電纜接口的 IEEE 802.3 10Mb/s 物理層規(guī)格 (參見(jiàn) IEEE 802.3 Clause 10.)。 |
| 5 | 802.3b | 1985 | 10BROAD36.10 Mbit/s Ethernet signals over standard 75 ohm cable television (CATV) cable over a 3600 meter range。已經(jīng)廢棄的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 |
| 6 | 802.3c | 1985 | 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) repeater spec。HUB的時(shí)代。 |
| 7 | 802.3d | 1987 | Fiber-optic inter-repeater link (FOIRL) is a specification of Ethernet over optical fibre. It was replaced by 10BASE-FL. |
| 8 | 802.3e | 1987 | 1BASE5 or StarLAN。StarLAN was the first implementation of 1 megabit per second (1Mbit/s) Ethernet over twisted pair wiring. It was standardized by the standards association of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) as 802.3e in 1987, as the 1BASE5 version of Ethernet. 這個(gè)時(shí)候開(kāi)始使用雙絞線(xiàn)傳輸以太網(wǎng)信號(hào)。 |
| 9 | 802.3i | 1990 |
10BASE-T 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over twisted pair.傳輸距離100米。 采用電話(huà)雙絞線(xiàn)的 IEEE 802.3 10Mb/s 物理層規(guī)格 (參見(jiàn) IEEE 802.3 Clause 14.)。 |
| 10 | 802.3j | 1993 |
10BASE-F 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over Fiber-Optic 采用光纖電纜接口的 IEEE 802.3 10Mb/s 物理層規(guī)格 (參見(jiàn) IEEE 802.3 Clause 15.). |
| 11 | 802.3u | 1995 |
100BASE-TX, 100BASE-T4, 100BASE-FX Fast Ethernet at 100 Mbit/s (12.5 MB/s) w/o autonegotiation。進(jìn)入快速以太網(wǎng)時(shí)代。100base-T4 (twisted pair [4 pair])100base-TX (twisted pair [2 pair]) 100base-FX (fiber, 400m,MMF光纖) 100BASE-T4: 采用四對(duì) 3、4、5 類(lèi)線(xiàn)非屏蔽雙絞線(xiàn)的 IEEE 802.3 100 Mb/s 物理層規(guī)格 (參見(jiàn) IEEE 802.3 Clause 23.) 100BASE-TX: 采用兩對(duì) 5 類(lèi)非屏蔽雙絞線(xiàn)或屏蔽雙絞線(xiàn)的 IEEE 802.3 100 Mb/s 物理層規(guī)格 (參見(jiàn) IEEE 802.3 Clauses 24 and 25.) 100BASE-FX: 采用兩個(gè)光纖的 IEEE 802.3 100Mb/s 物理層規(guī)格 (參見(jiàn) IEEE 802.3 Clauses 24 and 26.) |
| 12 | 802.3x | 1997 | Full Duplex and flow control; also incorporates DIX framing, so there's no longer a DIX/802.3 split。 |
| 13 | 802.3y | 1998 |
100BASE-T2 100 Mbit/s (12.5 MB/s) over low quality twisted pair 100BASE-T2: 采用兩對(duì) 3 類(lèi)線(xiàn)或更好的平衡線(xiàn)纜的 IEEE 802.3 100 Mb/s 物理層規(guī)格 (參見(jiàn) IEEE 802.3 Clause 32.) |
| 14 | 802.3z | 1998 | 1000BASE-X Gbit/s Ethernet over Fiber-Optic at 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s)。那個(gè)時(shí)候用的光口應(yīng)該是GBIC。 |
| 15 | 802.3-1998 | 1998 | A revision of base standard incorporating the above amendments and errata。1998年應(yīng)該算是一個(gè)以太網(wǎng)發(fā)展的里程碑吧。 |
| 16 | 802.3ab | 1999 |
1000BASE-T Gbit/s Ethernet over twisted pair at 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s)。GE是先有光口的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，后有電口的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。傳輸距離還是100米 1000BASE-T: 采用四對(duì)五類(lèi)平衡電纜的 1000 Mb/s 物理層規(guī)格 (參見(jiàn) IEEE 802.3 Clause 40.)。 |
| 17 | 802.3ac | 1998 | Max frame size extended to 1522 bytes (to allow "Q-tag") The Q-tag includes 802.1Q VLAN information and 802.1p priority information.VLAN出現(xiàn)。 |
| 18 | 802.3ad | 2000 | Link aggregation for parallel links, later moved to IEEE 802.1AX。鏈路聚合。Link aggregation addresses two problems with Ethernet connections: bandwidth limitations and lack of resilience. |
| 19 | 802.3-2002 | 2002 | A revision of base standard incorporating the three prior amendments and errata。 |
| 20 | 802.3ae | 2002 | 10 Gigabit Ethernet over fiber; 10GBASE-SR, 10GBASE-LR, 10GBASE-ER, 10GBASE-SW, 10GBASE-LW, 10GBASE-EW。SR：Short Range;LR：Long Range;ER：Extended Range;他們的傳輸線(xiàn)路速率都是是10.3124Gbps，編碼使用了64B/66B方式。SW，LW，RW，中的W表示W(wǎng)AN，廣域網(wǎng)；這3中規(guī)格的速率是9.95328Gbps，同樣編碼使用了64B/66B方式，之所以速率低，是為了提高與面向WAN被廣泛利用的光纜通信規(guī)格的SONET/SDH的親和性，迎合了SONET的OC-192的傳輸速度。以太網(wǎng)從局域網(wǎng)開(kāi)始發(fā)展，到ae標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，已經(jīng)開(kāi)始跟廣域網(wǎng)進(jìn)行融合，電信的網(wǎng)絡(luò)和企業(yè)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)開(kāi)始融合。10GBASE以太網(wǎng)介紹 |
| 21 | 802.3af | 2003 | Power over Ethernet，or PoE (15.4 W) |
| 22 | 802.3ah | 2004 | Ethernet in the First Mile(EFM)。EPON uses a passive optical network. |
| 23 | 802.3ak | 2004 | 10GBASE-CX4 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over twinaxial cables |
| 24 | 802.3-2005 | 2005 | A revision of base standard incorporating the four prior amendments and errata. |
| 25 | 802.3an | 2006 | 10GBASE-T 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair (UTP) |
| 26 | 802.3ap | 2007 | Backplane Ethernet (1 and 10 Gbit/s (125 and 1,250 MB/s) over PCB--printed circuit boards)。 |
| 27 | 802.3aq | 2006 | 10GBASE-LRM 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over multimode fiber |
| 28 | 802.3as | 2006 | Frame expansion |
| 29 | 802.3at | 2009 | Power over Ethernet enhancements (25.5 W) |
| 30 | 802.3av | 2009 | 10 Gbit/s EPON |
| 31 | 802.3au | 2006 | Isolation requirements for Power over Ethernet (802.3-2005/Cor 1) |
| 32 | 802.3aw | 2007 | Fixed an equation in the publication of 10GBASE-T (released as 802.3-2005/Cor 2) |
| 33 | 802.3-2008 | 2008 | A revision of base standard incorporating the 802.3an/ap/aq/as amendments, two corrigenda and errata. Link aggregation was moved to 802.1AX. |
| 34 | 802.3az | 2010 | Energy Efficient Ethernet |
| 35 | 802.3ba | 2010 | 100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GbE) and 40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GbE) are groups of computer networking technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at rates of 100 and 40 gigabits per second (100 and 40 Gbit/s), respectively. The technology was first defined by the IEEE 802.3ba-2010 standard.Another variant, 802.3bg, was added in March 2011 to the set of standards. The task force 802.3bj is working on a four lane backplane and a copper 100 Gbit/s standard.The 802.3bm task force is working on a standard for lower cost 100 Gbit/s optical physical interfaces.40G/100G Ethernet Background |
| 36 | 802.3bb | 2009 | Increase Pause Reaction Delay timings which are insufficient for 10 Gbit/s |
| 37 | 802.3bc | 2009 | Move and update Ethernet related TLVs (type, length, values), previously specified in Annex F of IEEE 802.1AB (LLDP) to 802.3 |
| 38 | 802.3bd | 2010 | Priority-based Flow Control. An amendment by the IEEE 802.1 Data Center Bridging Task Group (802.1Qbb) to develop an amendment to IEEE Std 802.3 to add a MAC Control Frame to support IEEE 802.1Qbb Priority-based Flow Control. |
| 39 | 802.3.1 | 2011 | MIB definitions for Ethernet. It consolidates the Ethernet related MIBs present in Annex 30A&B, various IETF RFCs, and 802.1AB annex F into one master document with a machine readable extract. (workgroup name was P802.3be) |
| 40 | 802.3bf | 2011 | Provide an accurate indication of the transmission and reception initiation times of certain packets as required to support IEEE P802.1AS. |
| 41 | 802.3bg | 2011 | Provide a 40 Gbit/s PMD which is optically compatible with existing carrier SMF 40 Gbit/s client interfaces (OTU3/STM-256/OC-768/40G POS). |
| 42 | 802.3-2012 | 2012 | A revision of base standard incorporating the 802.3at/av/az/ba/bc/bd/bf/bg amendments, a corrigenda and errata. |
| 43 | 802.3bj | 2014 | Define a 4-lane 100 Gbit/s backplane PHY for operation over links consistent with copper traces on “improved FR-4” (as defined by IEEE P802.3ap or better materials to be defined by the Task Force) with lengths up to at least 1m and a 4-lane 100 Gbit/s PHY for operation over links consistent with copper twinaxial cables with lengths up to at least 5m. |
| 44 | 802.3bk | 2013 | This amendment to IEEE Std 802.3 defines the physical layer specifications and management parameters for EPON operation on point-to-multipoint passive optical networks supporting extended power budget classes of PX30, PX40, PRX40, and PR40 PMDs. |
| 45 | 802.3bm | 2015 | 100G/40G Ethernet for optical fiber |
| 46 | 802.3bp | 2015 | 1000BASE-T1 - Gigabit Ethernet over a single twisted pair, automotive & industrial environments。802.3bp簡(jiǎn)介 |
| 47 | 802.3bq | 40GBASE-T for 4-pair balanced twisted-pair cabling with 2 connectors over 30 m distances | |
| 48 | 802.3bs | 400 Gbit/s Ethernet over optical fiber using multiple 25G/50G lanes | |
| 49 | 802.3bt | Power over Ethernet enhancements up to 100W using all 4-pairs balanced twisted-pair cabling, lower standby power and specific enhancements to support IoT applications (e.g. Lighting, sensors, building automation). | |
| 50 | 802.3bw | 100BASE-T1 - 100 Mbit/s Ethernet over a single twisted pair for automotive applications | |
| 51 | 802.3-2015 | 2015 | 802.3bx - a new consolidated revision of the 802.3 standard including amendments 802.2bk/bj/bm |
| 52 | 802.3by | 25G Ethernet.25 Gigabit Ethernet (25GbE) and 50 Gigabit Ethernet (50GbE) are proposed standards for Ethernet connectivity in a datacenter environment. An industry consortium has been formed to promote the technology and IEEE 802 workgroup has formed to develop the standard. The draft uses technology defined for 100 Gigabit Ethernet implemented as four 25-Gbit/s lanes (IEEE 802.3bj).IEEE 802.3 has formed an 802.3by task force with the objectives to define:a single-lane 25 Gbit/s 25GBASE-KR PHY for printed circuit backplanes;a single-lane 25 Gbit/s 25GBASE-CR PHY for 5 m twin-ax cables;a single-lane 25 Gbit/s PHY for multi-mode optical fiber. |
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原文標(biāo)題：以太網(wǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)歷史
文章出處：【微信號(hào)：Hardware_10W，微信公眾號(hào)：硬件十萬(wàn)個(gè)為什么】歡迎添加關(guān)注！文章轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。
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和優(yōu)勢(shì)，在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。本文將對(duì)這兩種工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的解讀，探討其技術(shù)特點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景及未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。
車(chē)載以太網(wǎng)與傳統(tǒng)以太網(wǎng)的區(qū)別
車(chē)載以太網(wǎng)與傳統(tǒng)以太網(wǎng)在多個(gè)方面存在顯著的差異，這些差異主要體現(xiàn)在傳輸速率、實(shí)時(shí)性、可靠性、物理層標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景以及技術(shù)發(fā)展等方面。
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