一汽車半導(dǎo)體器件的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
AEC其實(shí)是Automotive Electronics Council汽車電子協(xié)會的簡稱,并且AECQ標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括以下幾個領(lǐng)域,對于不同領(lǐng)域的電子器件,適用于不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。目前見到的比較多的是AEC-Q100、AEC-Q101、AEC-Q200。
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)類別 | 適用領(lǐng)域 |
AEC-Q100 | 集成電路IC |
AEC-Q101 | 分立器件 |
AEC-Q102 | 離散光電LED |
AEC-Q103 | 傳感器 |
AEC-Q104 | 多芯片組件 |
AEC-Q200 | 被動器件 |
二AEC-Q100的子標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
類似于一般汽車零部件的DV測試,AECQ標(biāo)準(zhǔn)其實(shí)也就是一種對芯片本身的設(shè)計認(rèn)可的測試標(biāo)準(zhǔn),分為不同的測試序列,對芯片進(jìn)行不同維度的測試。
由于最火熱的芯片是目前全國甚至全世界的焦點(diǎn),就先來看看關(guān)于芯片的測試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。AEC-Q100一共分為13個子標(biāo)準(zhǔn),分別是AEC-Q100主標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和從001到012的12個子標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號 | 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)名 | 中文含義 |
AEC-Q100 Rev-H | Failure Mechanism Based Stress Test Qualification For Integrated Circuits(base document | 基于集成電路應(yīng)力測試認(rèn)證的失效機(jī)理 |
AEC-Q100-001 | Wire Bond Shear Test | 邦線切應(yīng)力測試 |
AEC-Q100-002 | Human Body Model (HBM) Electrostatic Discharge Test | 人體模式靜電放電測試 |
AEC-Q100-003 | Machine Model (MM) Electrostatic Discharge Test | 機(jī)械模式靜電放電測試 |
AEC-Q100-004 | IC Latch-Up Test | 集成電路閂鎖效應(yīng)測試 |
AEC-Q100-005 | Non-Volatile Memory Program/Erase Endurance, Data Retention, and Operational Life Test | 非易失性存儲程序/擦除耐久性、數(shù)據(jù)保持及工作壽命的測試 |
AEC-Q100-006 | Electro-Thermally Induced Parasitic Gate Leakage Test (GL) | 熱電效應(yīng)引起的寄生門極漏電流測試 |
AEC-Q100-007 | Fault Simulation and Test Grading | 故障仿真和測試等級 |
AEC-Q100-008 | Early Life Failure Rate (ELFR) | 早期壽命失效率 |
AEC-Q100-009 | Electrical Distribution Assessment | 電分配的評估 |
AEC-Q100-010 | Solder Ball Shear Test | 錫球剪切測試 |
AEC-Q100-011 | Charged Device Model (CDM) Electrostatic Discharge Test | 帶電器件模式的靜電放電測試 |
AEC-Q100-012 | Short Circuit Reliability Characterization of Smart Power Devices for 12V Systems | 12V 系統(tǒng)靈敏功率設(shè)備的短路可靠性描述 |
三測試序列及測試內(nèi)容
如同DV測試的序列和分類,芯片的測試認(rèn)證一共包括7個序列,分別如下,而這七個序列的測試也是分別引用AEC-Q100中定義的那些測試方法。
測試序列A | 環(huán)境壓力加速測試,Accelerated Environment Stress |
測試序列B | 使用壽命模擬測試,Accelerated Lifetime Simulation |
測試序列C | 封裝組裝整合測試,Package Assembly Integrity |
測試序列D | 芯片晶圓可靠度測試,Die Fabrication Reliability |
測試序列E | 電氣特性確認(rèn)測試,Electrical Verification |
測試序列F | 瑕疵篩選監(jiān)控測試,Defect Screening |
測試序列G | 封裝凹陷整合測試,Cavity Package Integrity |
芯片的測試也是有一定的測試順序,這個順序在AEC-Q100的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中也是有所定義的。一共7個測試序列,按照兩個層級一共加起來42個測試項目,這些測試項目并不是適用于所有IC,需要根據(jù)IC的種類進(jìn)行適配性的測試,也需要根據(jù)芯片的溫度等級來進(jìn)行測試條件的修改。
而測試溫度也就是通常所說的Grade等級。在汽車芯片里,分為4個溫度等級,分別如下:
對于每個測試序列中的詳細(xì)測試項目,也在AEC-Q100標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中有詳細(xì)的描述,并且每種測試的測試時間也根據(jù)Grade等級給出了不同的要求。在AEC-Q100的測試中,對于序列A中,測試的樣品數(shù)很多都是77個,并且要求0 Fails,這就極大得增加了芯片測試的置信度。
TEST GROUP A – ACCELERATED ENVIRONMENT STRESS TESTS | |||
# | STRESS | ABV | SAMPLE SIZE / LOT |
A1 | Preconditioning | PC | 77 |
A2 | Temperature Humidity-Bias or Biased HAST | THB or HAST | 77 |
A3 | Autoclave or Unbiased HAST or Temperature Humidity (without Bias) | AC or UHSTor TH | 77 |
A4 | Temperature Cycling | TC | 77 |
A5 | Power Temperature Cycling | PTC | 45 |
A6 | High Temperature Storage Life | HTSL | 45 |
TEST GROUP B – ACCELERATED LIFET | |||
# | STRESS | ABV | SAMPLE SIZE / LOT |
B1 | High Temperature Operating Life | HTOL | 77 |
B2 | Early Life Failure Rate | ELFR | 800 |
B3 | NVM Endurance, Data Retention, and Operational Life | EDR | 77 |
TEST GROUP C – PACKAGE ASSEMBLY INTEGRITY TESTS | |||
# | STRESS | ABV | SAMPLE SIZE / LOT |
C1 | Wire Bond Shear | WBS | 30 bonds from a minimumof 5 devices |
C2 | Wire Bond Pull | WBP | |
C3 | Solderability | SD | 15 |
C4 | Physical Dimensions | PD | 10 |
C5 | Solder Ball Shear | SBS | 5 balls from a min. of 10devices |
C6 | Lead Integrity | LI |
from each 10 leads of 5 parts |
TEST GROUP D – DIE FABRICATION RELIABILITY TESTS | |||
# | STRESS | ABV | SAMPLE SIZE / LOT |
D1 | Electromigration | EM | --- |
D2 | Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown | TDDB | --- |
D3 | Hot Carrier Injection | HCI | --- |
D4 | Negative Bias Temperature Instability | NBTI | --- |
D5 | Stress Migration | SM | --- |
TEST GROUP E – ELECTRICAL VERIFICATION TESTS | |||
# | STRESS | ABV | SAMPLE SIZE / LOT |
E1 | Pre- and Post-Stress Function/Parameter | TEST | All |
E2 | Electrostatic Discharge Human Body Model | HBM | See TestMethod |
E3 | Electrostatic Discharge Charged Device Model | CDM | See TestMethod |
TEST GROUP E – ELECTRICAL VERIFICATION TESTS (CONTINUED) | |||
# | STRESS | ABV | SAMPLE SIZE / LOT |
E4 | Latch-Up | LU | 6 |
E5 | Electrical Distributions | ED | 30 |
E6 | Fault Grading | FG | --- |
E7 | Characterization | CHAR | --- |
E9 | Electromagnetic Compatibility | EMC | 1 |
E10 | Short Circuit Characterization | SC | 10 |
E11 | Soft Error Rate | SER | 3 |
E12 | Lead (Pb) Free | LF | See Test Method |
TEST GROUP F – DEFECT SCREENING TESTS | |||
# | STRESS | ABV | SAMPLE SIZE / LOT |
F1 | Process Average Testing | PAT | --- |
F2 | Statistical Bin/Yield Analysis | SBA | --- |
TEST GROUP G – CAVITY PACKAGE INTEGRITY TESTS | |||
# | STRESS | ABV | SAMPLE SIZE / LOT |
G1 | Mechanical Shock | MS | 15 |
G2 | Variable Frequency Vibration | VFV | 15 |
G3 | Constant Acceleration | CA | 15 |
G4 | Gross/Fine Leak | GFL | 15 |
G5 | Package Drop | DROP | 5 |
G6 | Lid Torque | LT | 5 |
G7 | Die Shear | DS | 5 |
G8 | Internal Water Vapor | IWV | 5 |
總結(jié)
滿足AEC-Q100僅僅只是車規(guī)芯片的第一步,其實(shí)要求真正的達(dá)到車規(guī)芯片的質(zhì)量,還需要從設(shè)計開發(fā)流程體系,生產(chǎn)制造體系各個方面來把控,才能真正的滿足汽車的質(zhì)量要求。
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原文標(biāo)題:車規(guī)芯片的AEC-Q100測試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
文章出處:【微信號:談思實(shí)驗室,微信公眾號:談思實(shí)驗室】歡迎添加關(guān)注!文章轉(zhuǎn)載請注明出處。
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